BASIC GRAMMAR 1

1.     Pronoun

1.1  Subject pronoun

Remember that personal pronoun used as the object of a sentence or clause should be subject case pronoun.

	Pronoun	Verb
If the weather is good,	Ellen and I	Will go	To the beach.

Remember that the following pronoun are subject pronoun:

I, You, We, They, He. She. It.

Example:

I  : After Sandy talked them into buying bikes, she and them never drove to   school.

C : After Sandy talked them into buying bikes, she and they never drove to school.

I  : When they have enough money, Pat and her will probably go back to school.

C : When they have enough money, Pat and she will probably go back to school.

I  : When he comes back from vacation, Bob and me plan to look for another apartment.

C : When he comes back from vacation, Bob and I plan to look for another apartment.

Exercise: We know that in 1.000 A.D. Leif Erikson landed on the North American

                                              A

 coast, and that him and his Norwegian companions were the first white men to see the New

                            B                                                       C                                      D

World. (B)

1.2  Subject pronoun in complement position

Remember that in copmlement position after the verb BE, a subject pronoun must be used.

It	Be	Pronoun
It	Is	He	Whom the committe has named.

Avoid using an object pronoun instead of a subject pronoun after BE.

Examples:

I  : It was her whom everyone wanted to win.

C:  It was she whom everyone wanted to win.

I  : Is it them at the door again?

C : Is it they at the door again?

I  : This is him speaking.

C : This is he speaking.

Exercise : It was her, Elizabeth I, not her father, King Henry, who led into the Age

                             A                                B                                  C     D

 of Empire. (A)

1.3  Object pronoun

Remember that personal pronouns used as the complement of a sentence or clause should be object case pronoun.

S	V	Pronoun (object)
They	Asked	Us, Jane and me,	Whether we were satisfied.

Remember that the following pronouns are object pronouns: me, you, her, him, it, us, you, them.

Examples:

I  : The bus leaves Ted and she at the corner.

C : The bus leaves Ted and her at the corner.

I  : He always helps my wife and I with our tax return.

C : He always helps my wife and me with our tax return.

I  : Do you realy believe that she has blamed us for the accident, especially you and I?

C : Do you realy believe that she has blamed us for the accident, especially you and me?

Exercise : According to legend, because the Native American princess Pocahantos

                     A                                B

 said that she loved he, Captain John Smith was set free. (C)

                                 C                                    D

1.4  Object pronouns after preposition

Remember that personal pronouns used as the object of a preposition should be object case pronouns.

	Preposition	Pronoun (object)
I would be glad to take a message	For	her.

Remember that the following preposition are commonly used with object pronouns: among, between, for, from, of, to, with.

Avoid using a subject pronoun instead of an object pronoun after a preposition.

Examples:

I  : Among we men, it was he who always acted as interpreter.

C : Among us men, it was he who always acted as interpreter.

I  : The cake is from Jane, and the flowers are from Larry and we.

C : The cake is from Jane, and the flowers are from Larry and us.

I  : Just between you and I, this is not a very good price.

C : Just between you and me, this is not a very good price.

Exercise: According to Amazon legend, men were forced to do all of the

                                                                               A               B

household tasks for the women warriors who governed and protected the cities for

                                                                   C

 they. (D)

  D

1.5  Possesive pronoun before –ing forms

Remember that possesive pronouns are used before –ing nouns. The following are possesive are possesive pronouns: my, your, her, his, its, our, your, their.

S	V	Pronoun(possesive)	-ing form (noun)
He	Regretted	Their	misunderstanding	him

Avoid using subject and object pronouns between the verb and –ing form.

Examples:

I  : We dont understand why you object to him coming with us.

C : We dont understand why you object to his coming with us.

I  : The doctor insisted on she taking a leave absence.

C : The doctor insisted on her taking a leave absence.

I  : I would appreciate you letting me know as soon as possible.

C : I would appreciate your letting me know as soon as possible.

Exercise:

Although Barney Clark lived only a few months with the artificial heart, doctor

                                                                   A

were able to learn a great from him having used it. (C)

                    B                             C                   D

1.6  Possesive pronoun before parts of body

Remember that possesive pronoun are used before nouns that identify a part of body.

		Pronoun(possesive)	Noun (part of body)
He	Hurts	his	Arm.

Avoid using the instead of possesive pronoun.

Examples:

I  : How did you twist the ankle?

C : How did you twist your  ankle?

I  : Does Alice colour the hair?

C : Does Alice colour her hair?

I  : She broke the wrist in the accident.

C : She broke her wrist in the accident.

Exercise :

1.    Sports medicine experts agree that ice should be applied immediately when the athlete suffers an injury to.....................leg.

A.    Its

B.     An

C.     The

D.    His

(D)

1.7  Relative pronoun that refer to person and things

Remember that who is used for person, which is used refer to things.

	Someone	Who
She is	The secretary	who	Works in the international office.

Avoid using which instead of who in reference to a person.

	something	Which
This is	The new typewriter	Which	You ordered.

Examples:

I  : Who is the man which asked the question?

C : Who is the man who asked the question?

I  : There is someone on line two which would like to speak with you.

C : There is someone on line two who would like to speak with you.

I  : The students which receives the highest score will be awarded a scholarship.

C : The students who receives the highest score will be awarded a scholarship.

Exercise:  Charlie Chaplin was a comedian...........was best known for his work in silent movies.

A.    Who

B.    Which

C.    Whose

D.    What

(A)

1.8  Relative pronoun that refer to person

Both who and whom are used to refer to persons. Who is used the subject of a sentence. Whom is used asthe complement of a sentence. Whom is often used after a preposition as the object of the preposition.

	who	V
everyone	who	took	The tour was impressed by the painting.

Avoid using whom as the subject of a verb.

	Whom	S	V
He was only American	whom	I	Saw	At the conference.

Avoid using who instead of whom before a subject and a verb.

Examples:

I  : I asked him who he was calling.

C :I asked him whom he was calling.

I  : I know the candidate whom was elected.

C : I know the candidate who was elected.

I  : He didnt know who he would take to the party.

C : He didnt know whom he would take to the party.

Exercise: In a parliamentary system, it is not the monarch but the prime minister......

A.    Whom the real power

B.    Who has the real power

C.    Whom he has the real power

D.    Who the real power

(B)

1.9  Reflexive pronouns

Reflexive pronoun may be used when both the subject and the complement refer to the same person or thing. Reflexive pronouns are used as complement of a sentence or a clause or as the object of preposition. The following are reflexive pronouns: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.

S	V	Pronoun
Some langauage learners	Can correct	Themselves.

Examples:

I  : Be careful or you will hurt to you.

C : Be careful or you will hurt yourself.

I  : I had to teach me to swim.

C : I had to teach myself to swim.

I  : Help you to whatever you like.

C : Help yourself to whatever you like.

Exercise:

1.      The jaw structure of a snake permits it to eat and digest animals larger than....

A.    It

B.     Itself

C.     Is

D.    It has

(B)

2.  Absolute zero, the temperature at whom all substances have zero thermal

                                                               A             B

 energy and thus, the lowest possible temperature, is unattainable in practice.

                                 C                                              D

(D)

Scanning and Skimming

Hello Language Lovers, In this post we'd like to share about Reading's technique. yeah...It's Scanning and Skimming.

Easier - There are different styles of reading for different situations. The technique you choose will depend on the purpose for reading. For example, you might be reading for enjoyment, information, or to complete a task. If you are exploring or reviewing, you might skim a document. If you're searching for information, you might scan for a particular word. To get detailed information, you might use a technique such as SQ4R. You need to adjust your reading speed and technique depending on your purpose.

Many people consider skimming and scanning search techniques rather than reading strategies. However when reading large volumes of information, they may be more practical than reading. For example, you might be searching for specific information, looking for clues, or reviewing information.

Harder - Web pages, novels, textbooks, manuals, magazines, newspapers, and mail are just a few of the things that people read every day. Effective and efficient readers learn to use many styles of reading for different purposes. Skimming, scanning, and critical reading are different styles of reading and information processing.

Skimming is used to quickly identify the main ideas of a text. When you read the newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than normal reading. People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time. Use skimming when you want to see if an article may be of interest in your research.

There are many strategies that can be used when skimming. Some people read the first and last paragraphs using headings, summarizes and other organizers as they move down the page or screen. You might read the title, subtitles, subheading, and illustrations. Consider reading the first sentence of each paragraph. This technique is useful when you're seeking specific information rather than reading for comprehension. Skimming works well to find dates, names, and places. It might be used to review graphs, tables, and charts.

Scanning is a technique you often use when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. You search for key words or ideas. In most cases, you know what you're looking for, so you're concentrating on finding a particular answer. Scanning involves moving your eyes quickly down the page seeking specific words and phrases. Scanning is also used when you first find a resource to determine whether it will answer your questions. Once you've scanned the document, you might go back and skim it.

When scanning, look for the author's use of organizers such as numbers, letters, steps, or the words, first, second, or next. Look for words that are bold faced, italics, or in a different font size, style, or color. Sometimes the author will put key ideas in the margin.

Reading off a computer screen has become a growing concern. Research shows that people have more difficulty reading off a computer screen than off paper. Although they can read and comprehend at the same rate as paper, skimming on the computer is much slower than on paper. (Zuh)

Al-hiwaar (Dialog)

Ahmad : Assalaamu ‘alaikum                                      احمد ׃ اَلسَّلاَ مُ عَلَيْكُم

Zaid : Wa’alaikum salaam                                              زيد ׃ وَعَلَيْكُمُ السَّلاَ م

Ahmad : Apa Kabar ?                                                      احمد ׃ كَيْفَ حَالُكَ ؟

Zaid : Alhamdulillah baik-baik saja                             زيد ׃ بِخَيْرٍ ٬ الْحَمْدُ لِلّه

Ahmad : Siapa namamu ?                                             احمد ׃ مَا إِسْمُكَ ؟

Zaid : Nama saya Zaid, dan nama kamu ?               زيد ׃ إِسْمِيْ زيد ٬ وَ أَنْتَ ؟

Ahmad : Saya Ahmad                                                     احمد ׃ أَنا احمد

Zaid : Salam perkenalan denganmu                         زيد ׃ أَهْلأوَسَهْلا   

Ahmad : Sama-sama hei Zaid                                      احمد ׃ أَهْلاً ً بِكَ

Zaid : Apakah kamu orang Ambon ?                         زيد ׃ هَلْ أَنْتَ أَمْبُوْ نِيٌّ ؟

Ahmad : Iya, saya orang Ambon, dan kamu ?      احمد ׃ نَعَمْ ، أَنَا أَمْبُوْنِيٌّ وَ أَنْتَ ؟

Zaid : Saya orang Jawa                                                   زيد ׃ أَنَا جَا وِيّ

Ahmad : Dimana kamu tinggal sekarang ?             احمد ׃ اَئنَ تَسْكُنُ الآنَ ؟

Zaid : Saya tinggal di jl Hasanuddin no 8 Ambon  زيد ׃ أَسْكُنُ فِي ٨ ( ثَمَانِيَة ) شَارِعِ حَسَنُ الدِّ يْن بأَمْبُوْن

Ahmad : Dan dimana kamu sekolah ?                      احمد : وَاَيْنَ تَدْ رُسُ ؟

Zaid : Saya sekolah di SMP islam Assalaam            أَدْ رُسُ فِي الْمَدْ رَسَةِ الإِعْدَ ادِ يَةِ الإِسْلاَ مِيَةِ ” السَّلاَ م ”

Ahmad : Kamu suka permainan apa ?                     احمد ׃ مَا لُعْبَتُكَ ؟

Zaid : saya main sepak bola                                          زيد ׃ أَنَا أَلْعَبُ كُرَة َالْقَدَ مِ ، وَمَا لُعْبَتُكَ ؟

Ahmad : saya suka main bola basket                       احمد ׃ أَلْعَبُ كُرَةَ السَّلَّةِ

Ahmad : Senang sekali saya dapat berkenalan denganmu             احمد ׃ أَنَا سَعِيْدٌ جِدًّ ا لِمَعْرِفَتِكَ

Zaid : Saya pun demikian                                                              زيد ׃ وَ أَنَا أَيْضًا

Ahmad : Terima kasih atas perkenalannya                            احمد ׃ شُكْرًا عَلَي التَّعَارُفِ

Zaid : Sama-sama                                                             زيد ׃ عَفْوًا

Ahmad : Sampai jumpa                                                 احمد ׃ مَعَ السَّلاَ مَةِ

Zaid : Sampai jumpa lagi                                                زيد ׃ مَعَ السَّلاَ مَةِ

LSB MYLAD

UKM LSB – Perayaan Milad yang ke-22 UKM Lembaga Studi Bahasa.

Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa LSB (Lembaga Studi Bahasa) Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan IAIN Walisongo Semarang, sukses merayakan kegiatan hari jadinya MILAD ke-22 di Taman Unyil Lingkungan Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan. Acara ini diselenggarakan pada hari Sabtu 01 Juni 2013 pada pukul 08.00-selesai. Mencapai usia yang ke-22 tahun ini merupakan suatu anugerah bagi UKM LSB karena ini menjadi suatu pembuktian sendiri atas keeksistensian di lingkungan kampus.

 

Dalam acara tersebut juga disambut meriah dengan kedatangan senior-senior UKM Lembaga Studi Bahasa, diantaranya Mas Hasan, Mbak Nina, Mbak Anjun, Mbak Evi, Mas Faiz dkk. Tidak hanya senior – senior yang turut serta didalam milad tersebut, anggota angkatan 2010-2013 pun juga turut memberikan kontribusinya di acara tersebut.

Acara Milad kali ini terbilang lebih meriah dan menarik, acara diisi dengan perlombaan antar pengurus per divisi, sarasehan&dialog interaktif, dan final eventnya diisi dengan pemotongan tumpeng sebagai ucapan rasa syukur atas semua pencapaian. Acara lomba sendiri ada tiga yaitu English and Arabic singing competition, Eat Bulaga LSB, dan Take me out LSB Version. Para peserta sangat antusias mengikuti kegiatan dari awal hingga akhir. Selanjutnya acara sarasehan da dialog interaktif yang diisi dengan sangat menarik oleh dua senior LSB yaitu Miss Nina dan Miss Anjun.

 

Menurut ketua panitia pelaksana M.Fazka Khoirur Rijal “kegiatan ini dilaksanakan untuk mempererat tali silaturahim dan persaudaraan sesama anggota dan keluarga besar UKM LSB  serta bisa mengembangkan kemampuan bahasanya yang lebih baik dari sebelumnya”. Acara berjalan dengan lancar dan sukses,

Muhammad Zuhri, selaku ketua umum UKM LSB menambahkan, acara milad tahun ini bertemakan “Building Self Confident with English and Arabic”, tema ini sangat didukung karena kepercayaan diri sangat penting bagi mahasiswa terutama bagi para pecinta bahasa, selain kegiatan ini sebagai wadah silaturahim antar keluarga LSB, acara ini juga diharapkan bisa membangun kepercayaan diri para anggota UKM LSB untuk berani unjuk gigi menunjukkan kemampua bahasanya.

 

Harapan kedepan Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa Lembaga Studi Bahasa (LSB) semoga bisa lebih maju serta menjadikan wadah atau tempat yang benar – benar bermanfaat untuk mahasiswa – mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan Kampus IAIN Walisongo.

(We Are Language Lovers "Nastaulid dunya bil Lughoh")

SAFARI KKN UKM LSB 2013

Hari Ahad, 5 Mei 2013 keluarga besar Ukm LSB (Lembaga Studi Bahasa) FITK IAIN Walisongo Semarang mengadakan safari KKN mengunjungi senior-senior LSB. Sebagai keluarga besar UKM LSB, sudah selayaknya untuk menengok dan mengunjungi senior-senior yang sedang menjalani Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) yang bertempat di beberapa kecamatan di kota Demak. Safari KKN kali ini lancar dan sukses didukung oleh cuaca yang cerah serta semangat anak-anak UKM LSB.

Sebanyak 2 posko yang dikunjungi. Berkumpul didepan gedung PKM FITK jam 07.00 WIB dengan 14 orang yang ikut dalam safari ini. Posko pertama yag dikunjungi yaitu posko 48, beralamat di ds.karangturi Guntur Demak, tempat saudari Laily Isnina. Di posko ini sudah banyak berkumpul beberapa senior seperti Mas Hasan, Mas Faiz, Mas Falah, Mas Zubad, Mas Fuad, Mas Anas.dkk yang sudah siap menyambut kedatangan para adik-adiknya keluarga LSB. Sambutan begiru hangat dan seru, setelah bincang-bincang dan istirahat sejenak, perjalanan dilanjutkan menuju posko selanjutnya yaitu posko 68 beralamat di ds.pamongan Gaji Guntur Demak, tempat Mas Danu dan Mas Arif.

Setelah bercakap-cakap beberapa jam, rombongan memutuskan untuk pulang dikarenakan sudah terlalu caperk menemuh perjalanan yag lumayan jauh. Acara safari KKN ini Alhamdulillah lancar dan selamat. Dari para junior selalu mendoakan para kakak-kakak seniornya semoga diberi kelancaran dan kemudahan kedepannya begitupun sebaliknya. Acara ini juga semakin mempererat tali persaudaraaan antar keluarga besar UKM LSB. Dan semoga berlanju ke safari KKN tahun-tahun berikutnya.

LSB Weekly Meeting Speacial “Watching Movie"

UKM LSB (Lembaga Studi Bahasa) mengadakan program weekly meeting spesial “Watching Movie”, Pada hari jum’at, 14 Juni 2013 bertempat di gedung N.1 Fak.Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan. Kegiatan Weekly meeting ini merupakan kegiatan rutinan LSB dimana para anggota akan belajar Bahasa Inggris bareng dibimbing oleh tentor dan senior-senior LSB yang sudah profesional dalam bidang nya. Kali ini, agenda weekly diadakan dengan konsep yang berbeda dan menarik.

Dengan mengusung tema weekly “Increasing vocabulary and speaking skill by watching movie”, agenda weekly tersebut berjalan dengan lancar dan sukses. Acara di handle langsung oleh ketua umum Ukm LSB, Muhammad Zuhri, bekerjasama dengan koordinator divisi Art N Fun, Erastianti. Agenda weekly meeting spesial ini diikuti oleh 15 peserta yang merupakan anggota LSB. Meskipun disibukkan dengan berbagai tugas kuliah setiap harinya, para anggota LSB masih antusias dengan kegiatan di Ukm juga.

Dalam agenda weekly meeting spesial, dibuka dengan warming up dan ice breaking yang dipandu oleh Desy Ariyanti, salah satu pengurus Ukm LSB. Warming up da ice breaking diberikan di awal untuk menambah semangat para anggota LSB sebelum agenda inti dimulai. Film pilihan yang ditonton dalam agenda tersebut adalah “Good Son”, sebuah film tentang anak psikopat yang pola berfikirnya tidak wajar dan tak selayaknya anak seusianya, sehingga hal itu menyebabkan banyak orang terbunuh oleh ulahnya. Film yang sangat menarik dan mengegangkan, serta berhasil mengambil emosi peserta yang menonton.

Selanjutnya, peserta diwajibkan untuk menganalisis film tersebut dari berbagai aspek meliputi: plot, sudut pandang, setting, karakter dll. Kemudian peserta harus meretell (menceritakan kembali) alur cerita di film tersebut menggunakan kata-kata mereka sendiri dalam bahasa Inggris.